Functionalized gold nanoparticles (fGNPs) are gold nanoparticles that have been coated with a layer of molecules, such as proteins, antibodies, or DNA, to make them more biocompatible and to enable them to target specific cells or tissues.

Due to its inertness and relative lack of cytotoxicity, gold is widely used for a variety of purposes, including the delivery of drugs and genes. However, one of the biggest challenges in employing these nanoparticles for targeted distribution to particular tissues is that because of their "nano" size, their entry is easily facilitated into many cells. Researchers have been developing techniques for targeted delivery by conjugating these nanoparticles with various biomolecules and ligands to avoid this issue.

Applications of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

Functionalized nanoparticles (fGNPs) are a versatile tool in the biomedical field, which have potential applications in drug delivery, biological imaging, gene delivery, biosensing and other therapeutic and diagnostic fields.

Fig.1 Applications of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

--Drug Delivery: Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles (fGNPs) have shown great potential in drug delivery due to their ability to target specific cells or tissues. They can be functionalized with various biomolecules, allowing targeted drug delivery to specific cells or tissues. FGNPs can also be used in combination with other drug delivery systems, such as liposomes or polymeric nanoparticles, to enhance the efficiency of drug delivery.

--Imaging: FGNPs can also be used for imaging purposes, such as in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans. They can be functionalized with imaging agents, such as fluorescent dyes or magnetic nanoparticles, to enhance imaging contrast and sensitivity.

--Biosensing: fGNP can be used in biosensors to detect biomolecules or pathogens that are crucial for curing diseases. It's crucial to measure choline in diverse human samples, typically by calculating cholinesterase. Choline oxidase (ChOx), multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), GNPs and poly-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) were combined to create the biosensor for the precise detection of choline, which offers an alternative, sensitive, quick, and efficient detection approach.

Production of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

GNPs are the colloidal suspension of gold particles of nanometer sizes. GNPs have been synthesized by an array of methods. 

Chemical Reduction Method is the most commonly used method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. It involves the reduction of gold ions by a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride, in the presence of a stabilizing agent, such as citrate or polyvinylpyrrolidone. By adsorbing the stabilizer on the surface of the nanoparticles, the obtained nanoparticles are functionalized.

Another widely used method is to use toluene and tetra-octyl ammonium bromide as phase transfer reagent. The chemical reduction method using L-tryptophane as reducing agent of ionic gold and polyethylene glycol to produce AuCl4- ions provides higher stability and uniformity in size, shape and particle distribution.

Another method uses methanol extract of medicinal plants as reducing agent to produce "Green" or environmentally friendly GNPs.

Product Description

The Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Alpha Lifetech Inc. provide have diameters ranging from 2 nm to 5 nm, Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles (fGNPs) are modified by different chemical groups, these nanoparticles are available with a range of solubility properties: hydrophilic (The solvent includes alcohol and water.), hydrophobic (Solvent such as toluene), and amphiphilic (The solvent includes toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, water and alcohols), which can be used in different environments.

Quality advantage

1. Solubility properties tailored to your application.

2. The size of each batch of nanoparticles is uniform.

3. Excellent stability, not easy to deteriorate.

Applications

1. Used to mark structures, materials and surfaces with complementary characteristics.

2. Creation of nanostructured materials and nanocomposites.

3. Fiducial markers for applications involving high-resolution electron microscopic tomography.

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